The brahmo samaj and the shaping of the modern indian mind. Apr 18, 2007 brahmo samaj founded in 1828 by raja ram mohan roy in calcutta, the brahmo samaj is a religious movement. The ideals of brahmo samaj have their origin in the synthesis of the vedic religion and the christian humanism. Publication date 1879 topics cdac collection digitallibraryindia. He attempted to combine the western and eastern philosophy. Brahmo samaj is a society of intellectuals that started in 1828 by eminent social activist raja rammohon roy and the highly decorated debendranath tagore. The brahmo samaj which was launched into its eventful career on august 20, 1828, gave a concrete expression to rammohuns concept of universal worship. In 1831, roy visited england as a reforming ambassador and died there in 1833. A history of the brahmo samaj microform by sastri, sibnath, 18471919. Brahmo samaj founded in 1828 by raja ram mohan roy in calcutta, the brahmo samaj is a religious movement. Asiatic society admits the first indian natives to its membership, the first of whom are dwarkanath tagore and prasanna coomar tagore. The brahmo samaj, therefore, represents a body of men who are struggling, to establish the worship of the supreme being in spirit as opposed to the prevailing. In punjab, the dayal singh trust sought to implant brahmo ideas by the opening of dayal singh college at lahore in 1910. Nobin chunder roy had been deputed by mahaacharya hemendranath thakur to spread the new adi dharma message of casteless vedic aryanism in.
The adi brahmo samai opposed the brahmo marriage act of 1872. Brahmo samaj and the making of modern india, david kopf, publ. But at the same time there had assembled under the banner of the sabha refonners and educationists like iswar chandra vidyasagar, rationalists and free. This is necessary in todays world because it allows. Brahmo samaj the society of brahma, or the brahmo samaj, was founded by ram mohan roy 17721833 in calcutta in 1828. The brahmo samaj was founded at lahore in 1861 by pandit navin chandra roy to propagate the brahmo religion.
Other articles where brahmo samaj of india is discussed. It initially evolved in india where it differed from existing practice as it did not believe in idolworship or the caste system. The motto of the brahmo samaj was not to worship the eternal under any name, designation or title. The brahmo samaj literally denotes community sanskrit. The impact of the brahmo samaj on the modern music in india is discussed below. His book constitutes not only a biographical and a sociological study of the brahmo samaj, but also an intellectual history of modern india that ranges from the. History of the brahmo samaj 2 volumes in 1 sivanath sastri on. As the forerunners of indian modernization, the community of bengali intellectuals known as the brahmo samaj played a crucial role in the genesis and development of every major religious, social, and political movement in india from 1820 to 1930. There was no literature for the people there was no prose and people did not know how to read or write prose. The phrase brahmo samaj literally means the society of the worshippers of the one true god. Publication date 1911topics brahma samaj publisher. Zacharias, raja rammohan roy and his brahmo samaj form the starting point for all the various reform movements whether in hindu religion, society or politics which have agitated modern india. Brahmo samaj was formed in lahore in 1863 by babu novina chandra roy, a bengali brahmo, with the help of other educated bengali brahamo samajis and it was soon extended to other cities of punjab. Search the history of over 431 billion web pages on the internet.
Two major features of roys brahmo samaj, namely, the opposition t o idolworship, and the practice of collective prayer were borrowed from christianity. Brahmo samajists have no faith in avatars gods taking on a bodily form. It is practised today mainly as the adi dharm after its eclipse in bengal consequent to the exit of the tattwabodini sabha from its ranks in 1859. The following doctrines, as noted in renaissance of hinduism, are common to all varieties and offshoots of the brahmo samaj. In 1870, sen left to england and met queen victoria. The sadharan brahmo samaj was formed in a public meeting of brahmos held in the town hall of calcutta on 15th may 1878, 2nd jaishta 1284 of the bengali calendar. Brahmo samaj embraces truth, knowledge, reason, free will and virtuous intuition observation as guides. The literary meaning of the word brahmo is one who worships brahman and the word samaj means a community of men. It emphasized on religious as well as social reformation. How did the powerful brahmo samaj get dissolved in hinduism. It advocated that there is one god, who is present everywhere, and is without shape and form. Brahmo samaj ebooks read ebooks online free ebooks. How did the powerful brahmo samaj get dissolved in. The brahmo samaj was a monotheistic sect of hinduism.
Roy, revered as the father of indias nineteenthcentury hindu renaissance, a bengali brahman by birth, studied english, latin, and greek as well as sanskrit, persian and bengali, while employed as a young man in the british east india companys revenue. His book constitutes not only a biographical and a sociological study of the brahmo samaj, but also an intellectual history of modern india that. Brahmo samaj simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Raja ram mohan roy is called as the father of modern india. He came from a distinguished brahman family in bengalthe headquarters. Knowledge the followers embrace knowledge, truth, and free will. Legacy of the bengal renaissance in public library development in. Above all you must acknowldge god, the one alone, the absolute. This format was designed by maharshi debendranath and is still followed in the divine service of the adi brahmo samaj. Brahmo samaj was established primarily because of the efforts made by raja ram mohan roy. You are advised to go through the brahmo dharma and the creed that is the essence of this religion. History of brahmo samaj volii 1912 addeddate 20170117 21. Liberation though brahmo samaj believes in the concept of soul and that the soul is immortal and is poised to become a part of brahman, it does not advocate the concept of salvation or mukthi.
He supported intercaste marriages, women education, widow remarriages etc. A follower or subscriber member of this community is referred to as. No middle class hindu would today would deny that much of what he accepts as his normal beliefs and attitudes from his liberal religious outlook to his appreciation of a certain style of literature, song and dance was largely a result of rabindranath tagores hindu brahmo synthesis. The sadharan brahmo samaj has a library with rare collection of books and periodicals, more than 25,000 rare books and. The movement began through meetings of bengalis in calcutta in 1828. The brahmo samaj movement essay 1934 words antiessays. This course will be discussing socio cultural reforms done by brahmo samaj, foundation of brahmo samaj, efforts of raja rammohan roy, debendranath tagore and keshabchandra sen. Social reforms brahmo samaj crusaded against hindu customs as sati, polygamy, child marriage and caste system.
Get your kindle here, or download a free kindle reading app. The founder of the brahmo movement had been the great raja rammohan roy 17741833. It is practised today mainly as the adi dharm after its eclipse in bengal consequent to the exit of the tattwabodini sabha from its ranks in 1839. Brahma samaj definition, a modern hindu movement advocating a monotheistic religion based on the upanishads, and social and educational reforms according to western principles. Brahmo samajists have no faith in any scripture holy writings as an authority. The brahmo samaj organised into sritjurbar an apostolic body of fheeldgrs and teachers.
At its centre is the belief that there is one god, who is omnipresent and omniscient. You can get in touch with a chapter of the brahmo samaj in your locality. The credit for laying the foundations of the modern bengali literature goes to rammohun roy. The bramho samaj rejected missionary claims to superiority by pointing out that christianity too was laced with superstition.
If you are intersted to join the brahmo samaj, you must strictly adhere to its principles. Brahmo samaj embraces the coexistence of brahmo principles with governance, but oppose all governance in conflict with brahmo principles. Anandamohan bose was appointed the first president mr. The brahmo samaj movement had great influence in the 19th cent. The brahmo samaj was found by the great social reformer raja ram mohan roy at kolkata in west bengal. The greatest creative personality of nineteenth century india is how the oxford history of india describes ram mohan roy. One cannot deny that the modern bengali bhadralok culture was shaped largely in the image of the brahmo samaj.
Significance of brahmo samaj is also discussed in this course. National university of juridical sciences nujs, kolkata introduction the brahmo samaj was a very important institution that developed in the 19th century in india. Brahmo samaj embraces secular principles but oppose sectarianism and imposition of religious belief into governance especially propagation of. Brahmo samaj tried to move away from sectarianism to universal samaj.
Bangladesh brahmo samaj brahmo samaj is the societal component of brahmoism, a monotheistic reformist and renaissance movement of hindu religion. Also, it doesnt believe in the concepts of hell and heaven. Explore brahmo samaj profile at times of india for photos, videos and latest news of brahmo samaj. When keshub chandra sen joined the brahmo samaj he brought in a new devotional fervour with him.
In 1828, he set up the brahmo sabha a movement of reformist bengali brahmins to fight against social evils. Influence of the swadeshi movement launching of free reading rooms. Sadharan brahmo samaj envisaged a holistic system of education for social reform and the first school, city school was establised in 1879. Raja ram mohun roy establishes brahma sabha assembly of brahmins. It aimed at eradicating the existing social practices. A servant of man, pioneer, a cosmopolitan, ram mohan roy was a philosophic modernist, a progressive religious thinker, anxious to emphasize the essentials of religion 1 said dr, sarvepalli radhakrishnan. The brahmo articles of faith brahmo samaj embraces righteousness as the only way of life. Hindi sociocultural reforms by brahmo samaj unacademy. History of brahmo samaj volii 1912 internet archive. A history of the brahmo samaj microform internet archive. Brahmo samaj article about brahmo samaj by the free dictionary.
Brahmo samajists denounce polytheism multiple gods and idolworship. Sen seceded and organized the brahmo samaj of india in 1866 the older group became known as the adii. The sadharan brahmo samaj is involved in various educational, social, medical and other welfare activities. It is the societal component of brahmoism, a monotheistic reformist movement of hindu religion. Keshab was the leader of the brahmo samaj, one of the two great movements that, during the latter part of the nineteenth century, played an important part in shaping the course of the renascence of india. The first phase of its history is intimately linked up with the career of its founder rammohun roy 1772 1833. Brahmo samaj is the societal component of brahmoism, which began as a monotheistic. The brahmo samaj, the arya samaj, the ramakrishna mission, and ghandhis satyagraha are the four major movements the help form the smaller movements and change the face of hinduism. Raja rammohan roy, the father of indian renaissance, was a man of versatile genius, and the brahmo samaj established by him was the earliest reform movement of the modern type greatly influenced by modern western ideas. During the 19th century various social evils in the name of religion su. Born in to a bengali brahmin family in 1772, raja rammohan roy worked for east india company for some time. Society of brahma theistic movement within hinduism, founded in calcutta now kolkata in 1828 by ram mohun roy. Brahmo samaj society for the worship of the one true god was per haps the. Brahmo samaj rejects the need for formal rituals, priests or places church, temple, mosque for worship.
A noted feature was the underlying theme of repentance and prayer that was awakened in the minds of the young song. The brahmo samaj does not accept the authority of the vedas, has no faith in avatars incarnations, and does not insist on belief in karma causal effects of. If the superstitions were removed what remained was a simple code of religion and morality that would be admirably calculated to elevate mens ideas to high and liberal ideas of one god. Brahmo article about brahmo by the free dictionary. Biography of raja ram mohan roy free pdf download blog. Roy, revered as the father of indias nineteenthcentury hindu renaissance, a bengali brahman by birth, studied english, latin, and greek as well as sanskrit, persian and bengali, while employed as a young man in the british. They also consider righteousness as their only way of life. The brahmo samaj, therefore, represents a body of men who are struggling, to establish the worship of the supreme being in spirit as opposed. The new branch became eclectic and cosmopolitan and was most influential in the struggle for social reform.
The brahmo samaj, a prominent socioreligious movement, was founded by raja rammohan roy along with dwarkanath tagore and others on august 20, 1828. Followers shall love him and do his will and worship the one absolute prambrahma, the creator, preserver, destroyer who is the giver of all good in this world and the next, who is all knowing, all pervading, formless and beneficent. This is necessary in todays world because it allows every human to feel a sense of show more content. Buy the brahmo samaj and the shaping of the modern indian mind. When one puts up material on ones own website and quotes it here, it is not a reliable source. Brahmo samaj rejects narrow theism epecially polytheism, idolatry, ascetism and symbolism. His book constitutes not only a biographical and a sociological study of the brahmo samaj, but also an intellectual history of modern india that ranges from the unitarian social gospel of rammohun.
Sometimes called the father of modern india, roy was born to a wealthy and devout brahman family in bengal. Keywords history, community libraries, public libraries, metropolitan libraries. In reality brahmo samaj does not discriminate between caste, creed or religion and is an assembly of all sorts and descriptions of people without distinction, meeting publicly for the sober, orderly, religious and devout adoration of the nameless unsearchable. Raja rammohan roy wanted to bring a reform in the orthodox hindu tradion. The brahmo samaj refers to the wider socioreligious community either following the principles for brahmo worship or subscribing to membership of a brahmo samaj, which is an association established for maintaining premises for assembly and worship of brahma. Orphanage the brahmo samaj balya bhavan was founded after the devastating famine which took a heavy toll of lives. The brahmo religion stands for the following as laid down in the trust deed of the brahmo samaj. The main statement or motto of brahmo samaj was sarva dharma samabhava that is all religion are equal and all religion should be respected equally. Sridharalu naidu changed the name of veda samaj to brahmo samaj in southern india. As a reformist ideologue, roy believed in the modern scientific approach and principles of human dignity and social. Article information, pdf download for legacy of the bengal renaissance in public. Though the full format is not followed in the other samajes always it serves as a basic guidelines for anyone willing to take a normal divine service. The brahmo samaj was founded in kolkata on 20th august 1828 by raja ram mohan roy and other bengalis, in response to the prevailing brahmanism at the time, especially kulin brahmanism.
History of the brahmo samaj 1879 addeddate 20170115 05. Ram mohan roy and brahmo samaj your article library. He was deceived by the western education and was greatly influenced by it. Brahmo means one who worships brahma, or the supreme spirit of the universe, and samaj means a community of men.
1081 504 1612 718 1137 476 1086 1100 1110 29 1426 1022 1468 614 319 872 717 424 1508 1345 694 1441 424 188 331 198 667 1250 772 832 620 1026 1438 763 1299 227 1440 1077 860 390 1188